In the Merriam-Webster dictionary, syncretism is defined firstly as “the combination of different forms of belief or practice”. The juxtaposed narrative that exists between Ecuador’s pre- and post-Colombian history has given rise to a fascinating combination of native Ecuadorian and Spanish culture. During my time in Ecuador, I have witnessed syncretism on a number of occasions; however, I have found the syncretic relationship between Christianity and the Andean religions that existed here before Spanish colonization most interesting. There are many examples of religious syncretism in Ecuador, and much of it is revealed in symbolism.
Last week, I had the opportunity to speak with Deacon Hallo, and I asked him about religious syncretism. He immediately mentioned what I have since learned is the most the most obvious example of Andean and Christian syncretism. In much of Andean religious art, Jesus is portrayed as, or accompanied by, a Sun. This iconic representation is obviously syncretic, as Jesus is the most important deity in Christianity and the Sun is the most important deity for the Incas, and many other, pre-Colombian Andean religions. This symbolism can be seen in many of the churches in and around Cuenca. Likewise, colorful angel wings are a recalling of the importance of birds in many Andean religions. These are examples of syncretism because they demonstrate the overlaying of Christianity and traditional Andean religions.