In order to begin to understand the complexities of transboundary watersheds, major stakeholders must be identified as well as main dilemmas. Based on the Colorado and Brahmaputra River Watersheds, historical management and the impacts of climate change have been identified as two of the main overarching causes of current water quantity issues. These quantity issues have been realized through long term domestic over-allocation which is created through the various reasons displayed on the map. Due to current and potential water scarcity, nations which are dependent on the water are reacting in various ways. These reactions come not only from the nation which holds the headwaters, but also from those downstream which rely on responsible management. Such responses are creating potential for conflict, but also unprecedented international cooperation.